垫圈类型及其应用的完整指南。了解何时使用平垫圈、弹簧垫圈、锁紧垫圈和专用垫圈。
Flat Washers: Uses and Applications
Flat washers (also called plain washers) distribute load and protect surfaces: DIN 125 / ISO 7089: Standard flat washer, used for load distribution DIN 126 / ISO 7090: Flat washer with chamfered edges DIN 1440: Flat washer for clevis pins (rod ends) DIN 440R: Structural flat washer for wood (large diameter) Applications: - Under hex nuts to protect finished surfaces - Under bolt heads to distribute load on soft materials - To fill gaps in assembled parts - To provide bearing surface for bolt heads/nuts TradeGo stocks comprehensive flat washer range in carbon steel, stainless steel, and various coatings.
Spring Washers: Vibration Resistance
Spring washers (also called split lock washers or helical washers) provide spring tension to resist loosening: DIN 127: Single coil spring lock washer (most common) DIN 128: Curved spring washer (higher spring rate) DIN 137: Wave spring washer (for limited space) How they work: - The split end digs into both the bearing surface and the nut/bolt - Spring tension maintains clamping force - Compensates for settlement and thermal expansion Important: Split lock washers require hardness differential - they must be harder than the bearing surface to embed properly. TradeGo spring washers are heat treated to HRC 47-52 for optimal performance.
Lock Washers: Advanced Securing
Lock washers provide more aggressive locking than spring washers: Star Washers: External teeth lock against the bearing surface Internal Tooth Washers: Teeth face inward toward the bolt head Nord-Lock Washers: Wedge-locking principle, pairs of washers with cams DIN 6797: External tooth lock washer DIN 6798: Internal tooth lock washer DIN 6796: Conical spring lock washer (for heavy duty) For critical applications, consider: - Nord-Lock washers: Maintains clamping force under extreme vibration - Tab washers: One-time use, bent tab locks against rotation - Serrated flange nuts: Integral locking feature
Specialty Washers
Specialized washers for specific applications: Fender Washers: Large outside diameter for extra load distribution on thin materials Construction Washers: For structural steel connections (often called plate washers) Sealing Washers: Rubber or fiber bonded washers for leak-proof sealing Insulating Washers: Nylon or fiber for electrical isolation Micro Washers: Precision washers for electronics and instruments TradeGo manufactures specialty washers to custom specifications for industrial applications.