Guide complet de sélection des matériaux de fixations. Apprenez l'acier au carbone, les nuances d'acier inoxydable, l'acier allié et comment sélectionner le bon matériau.
Carbon Steel Fasteners
Carbon steel is the most common fastener material: Low Carbon Steel (< 0.25% C): - Grade 2, Grade 5 equivalent - Good ductility and machinability - Applications: General purpose, light-duty - Cost: Lowest Medium Carbon Steel (0.25-0.60% C): - Grade 8 equivalent - Heat treatable for higher strength - Applications: Automotive, machinery Alloy Steel (> 0.60% C): - Additives: Cr, Mo, V for strength - Grade 10.9, 12.9 - Applications: Critical structural, aerospace
Stainless Steel Fasteners
Stainless steel offers superior corrosion resistance: Austenitic (300 Series): - 304 (18-8): General purpose, good corrosion resistance - 316: Molybdenum for chloride resistance, marine - 321: Titanium stabilized, high temp - Non-magnetic, good formability Martensitic (400 Series): - 410: Hardenable, magnetic - 416: Free-machining variant - Applications: Cutlery, instruments Ferritic (400 Series): - 430: Good corrosion resistance, magnetic - Applications: Automotive trim, decorative
Material Selection Criteria
Key factors for material selection: 1. Corrosion Environment: - Indoor/dry: Carbon steel adequate - Outdoor/moderate: HDG carbon steel - Coastal/marine: Stainless 316 - Chemical: Check compatibility 2. Strength Requirements: - General: Grade 4.8/5.8 - Structural: Grade 8.8 minimum - Critical: Grade 10.9 or 12.9 3. Temperature: - Room temp: Most materials OK - High temp: Special alloys - Cryogenic: Austenitic stainless 4.Cost: - Carbon steel: Lowest - Stainless 304: 3-5x carbon steel - Stainless 316: 4-6x carbon steel